Global Trade Shifts Challenge US Farmers

Exports and tariffs shape the future of American agriculture

Agriculture in the US is deeply connected to global markets. In 2025, uncertainty in trade policies is raising new concerns among farmers who depend on exports for financial stability. 

Economist Betty Resnick from the American Farm Bureau Federation explains that over 20% of US agricultural goods are sent abroad. Products like soybeans, corn, and beef are top exports. In livestock, parts of animals not commonly eaten in the US are sold overseas, helping balance the market. 

Most US agricultural exports go to ten countries, especially Mexico, Canada, and China. These three alone take in half of America’s farm exports. The remaining include nations like Japan, Korea, and the European Union. 

Trade agreements help support this system. However, if new tariffs are implemented, it could upset long-standing partnerships. Businesses and farmers are worried because the uncertainty makes it harder to plan and budget. 

Some may ask why we can’t just sell more food domestically. But local sales often bring lower prices and involve fewer opportunities. US agriculture is designed for large-scale export, especially in crops and meat. Meanwhile, fresh produce is often imported due to labor shortages. 

Market Intel reports from the American Farm Bureau Federation provide insights into these issues. Their economists explain trade policies and economic changes in simple terms, helping farmers make informed decisions. 

In short, international trade is a pillar of US farming, and sudden changes in policy could reshape the entire system.

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