Climate threats to prime U.S. apple orchards

Challenges rise in key apple growing areas

U.S. apple-producing counties, including Yakima, Kent, and Wayne, are increasingly vulnerable to climate-related challenges. A Washington State University study examined over four decades of climate data, revealing rising threats throughout apple growth stages.

Yakima County, a significant apple-producing area with over 48,800 acres, shows concerning trends in five key climate metrics. These include extreme heat days and warm nights, which can affect apple color and quality.

Deepti Singh, WSU climate scientist and study lead, emphasized, “We shouldn’t take the delicious apples we love to consume for granted.”

The research also explores cold days, chill portions, and the timing of spring frosts. Changes in these elements pose risks to apple bloom times and can increase sunburn incidents, impacting the appearance and quality of the fruit.

In response, Washington growers are implementing adaptive measures like netting and evaporative cooling to combat sunburn. A broader initiative led by WSU, funded by a substantial USDA grant, aims to mitigate climate impacts on apple and pear crops nationwide.

This holistic approach to adaptation may serve as a model for other regions, enhancing the resilience of U.S. apple orchards against a backdrop of increasing climate variability.