Did India’s 30% pulses tariff hit America where it hurts? US farmers may lose millions - here’s why

In a move that underscores the escalating trade tensions, India imposed a 30% import duty on pulses from the United States starting November 1, 2025. This tariff, announced quietly in late October 2025, targets key American exports such as yellow peas, lentils, chickpeas, and dried beans. As the world's largest consumer of pulses—accounting for approximately 27% of global demand—India represents a critical market for US producers.

The decision is widely interpreted as retaliation against US tariffs, including the Trump administration's 50% punitive duties on certain Indian goods. While the tariff aims to protect Indian farmers and generate revenue, it poses significant challenges for American agriculture.

Background on the Tariff and US-India Pulse Trade

Pulses, including lentils and chickpeas, are a staple in Indian diets, with domestic production often falling short of demand due to factors like erratic monsoons and limited arable land. India imports millions of tons annually to bridge this gap, making it a lucrative market for global exporters.

The United States has emerged as a key supplier in recent years, particularly from the Northern Plains states like North Dakota and Montana, which produce over 40% of the country's pulses. Prior to the tariff, US pulses enjoyed relatively favorable access to India, bolstered by bilateral trade agreements and India's need for affordable protein sources.