The study estimates that global yields of barley, maize, and wheat are 4% to 13% lower due to climate change, with losses often outweighing the benefits of increased carbon dioxide, which can boost plant growth.
Stefania Di Tommaso, a co-author of the study, remarked, “In many ways, the changes farmers are experiencing are completely in line with what climate models predicted, so the overall impact should not be a surprise.”
However, climate models failed to predict the scale of drying in temperate regions like Europe and China. These areas have experienced greater dryness than anticipated, while U.S. farms, particularly in the Midwest, saw less warming and drying than expected.
The study underscores the need for more accurate climate models and smarter adaptation strategies, as current models failed to capture trends that threaten efforts to extend growing seasons.