When it comes to the soil temperature, it depends on what you are planting. Shannon Chant is a crop extension specialist with the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture.
She explained for most crops, the ideal temperature is around 10° Celsius. However, if you want to get going a bit earlier, pulses, some peas, lentils and chickpeas, desi's anyway, are okay around 5°. For some others, you may want to wait.
“Chickpeas, dry beans, and soybeans, you should really wait until about that 10°,” Chant elaborated. “For canola and flax, they can germinate as low as 2° Celsius, flax, 3-4°, and cereals at 4 to 5°, but that may mean they are not coming up as good as they could.”
While the sun has been shining, the air temperature doesn’t necessarily affect the soil temperature. Instead, sunshine is the biggest contributor to warming up the soil.