Farm Labor Woes Continue to Grow

Farm Labor Woes Continue to Grow
Jan 06, 2026
By Farms.com

Stricter immigration actions may reduce farm workforce and raise food costs

The current administration plans to invest a large budget into immigration enforcement through 2029. This effort aims to increase deportations, which may directly affect industries that rely heavily on immigrant labor. Agriculture is one of the most vulnerable sectors, already facing a long-standing labor shortage. 

Across the United States, more than seventy percent of farm workers are foreign born, and many do not have legal status. Farmers say that very few native-born workers apply for physically demanding farm jobs. As a result, farms often depend on migrant workers to plant, harvest, and care for crops and livestock. 

A blueberry grower in New Jersey reported losing millions of pounds of fruit last season due to a lack of workers. Similar challenges are being reported by dairy, fruit, and vegetable producers in several states. Farm experts warn that stricter enforcement could make these shortages worse and reduce total food production. 

The Department of Agriculture has stated a long-term goal of moving toward an all-American farm workforce. However, other leaders within the administration have indicated that farming operations should remain protected. This has created uncertainty about how future enforcement will affect agriculture. 

At the same time, the Department of Labor has lowered required wage levels for foreign guest workers under the H-2A visa program and has allowed housing costs to be deducted from pay. Farmers believe these changes make legal guest workers more affordable. Many producers also want yearly wage increases limited, and the visa program expanded to allow workers to stay in the country year-round. 

Labor groups argue that higher wages protect both migrant and domestic workers. A legal challenge has been filed to reverse the recent wage changes. 

Experts say that if labor shortages continue, farmers may produce less food, costs may rise, and consumers could see higher prices at grocery stores. The situation remains uncertain, but the future of American farming may depend on how labor policies are handled. 

Photo Credit: gettyimages-nes

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