Federal Milk Order Reforms Go into Effect Nationwide

U.S. Milk Pricing Changes Aim to Support Fairer Farmer Payments

The U.S. dairy industry is seeing major changes beginning June 1, as new rules under the Federal Milk Marketing Orders (FMMO) are officially implemented. These updates reflect years of feedback and discussion among government agencies and dairy stakeholders.

The FMMO program sets minimum milk prices for processors to ensure that farmers receive fair compensation regardless of how the milk is used. With 11 regions under this system, it plays a key role in stabilizing milk markets across the country.

Among the most anticipated changes is the return to the “higher-of” method for calculating Class I fluid milk prices. This method uses whichever is higher between Class III and Class IV prices, which helps improve income stability for dairy farmers.

Class I differentials—regional price additions—are also increasing in many areas. These adjustments help offset transportation and service costs, strengthening support for farmers in more remote regions.

Another significant revision is the removal of barrel cheese from the protein value calculation. This change aims to create more accurate and consistent dairy product pricing.

These reforms were necessary as the former pricing formulas were no longer aligned with real-world market conditions. The update is part of a broader effort to modernize and strengthen the nation’s milk pricing framework.

While the reforms are welcomed by many in the industry, broader market challenges such as trade disruptions and supply issues may still impact overall outcomes. However, this move signals USDA’s commitment to farmer support and fair agricultural policy.

As dairy producers adapt to these changes, the new FMMO rules are expected to better reflect current realities and improve economic stability for the U.S. dairy industry.

Full details are available through USDA’s FMMO resource pages.